Middle Income Trap and its Causes in India | UPSC – IAS The middle income trap is a theoretical economic development situation, in which a country that attains a certain income (due to given advantages) gets stuck at that level. The World Bank defines as the ‘middle-income range’ countries with gross national product per capita that has remained between $1,000 to $12,000 […]
Blue Economy and its Components | UPSC – IAS As per the World Bank, Blue Economy is the sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth, improved livelihoods, and jobs while preserving the health of ocean ecosystem. It covers several sectors linked directly or indirectly to the oceans such as – Fishing, minerals, shipping and
Credit rating agencies in India The Securities and Exchange Board of India (Credit Rating Agencies) Regulations, 1999 empower SEBI to regulate CRAs operating in India. All the credit agencies need to be registered with SEBI in order to operate in India. There are seven Credit Rating Agencies registered with SEBI, viz. CRISIL, ICRA, CARE, India
Capital Conservation Buffer & Basel 3 | RBI | UPSC – IAS The capital conservation buffer (CCoB) is a capital buffer of 2.5% of a bank’s total exposures that needs to be met with an additional amount of Common Equity Tier 1 capital. The buffer sits on top of the 4.5% minimum requirement for Common Equity Tier 1 capital. Its objective is
Partial Credit Enhancement – NBFCs Bonds | UPSC – IAS The RBI recently allowed banks to provide partial credit enhancement (PCE) to bonds issued by systemically important non-deposit taking NBFCs registered with the RBI and Housing Finance Companies (HFCs) registered with the National Housing Bank. Provide partial credit enhancement or Credit enhancement means improving the
